Theodore Roosevelt was the 26th president of the United States, serving from 1901 to 1909 after succeeding William McKinley. A Republican reformer and conservationist, he expanded federal regulation, trust-busting, and American influence abroad.
Roosevelt broadened the role of the federal government in regulating business and protecting consumers. His "Square Deal" policies included antitrust actions, the Pure Food and Drug Act, and major conservation initiatives that created national parks, forests, and monuments.
He transformed the presidency into a more active office and pursued an assertive foreign policy summarized by "speak softly and carry a big stick." He mediated the end of the Russo-Japanese War, advanced construction of the Panama Canal, and left a lasting impact on American institutions and global presence.
Assumed the presidency after William McKinley’s assassination (1901); Launched the "Square Deal" with trust-busting and regulatory reforms; Enacted the Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act (1906); Established national parks, forests, and monuments through expanded conservation policy; Brokered peace in the Russo-Japanese War, receiving the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize; Supported Panama Canal construction and demonstrated U.S. naval power (Great White Fleet).
Key highlights and dated events associated with this presidency.
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Upon taking the oath after President McKinley's death, Theodore Roosevelt requested that McKinley's Cabinet continue in their posts to maintain government continuity.
Following the death of President William McKinley, Vice President Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office at the Ansley Wilcox House in Buffalo, New York, becoming the 26th President of the United States.
Upon receiving word that President McKinley had been shot, Vice President Theodore Roosevelt, then vacationing in the Adirondacks, immediately set out for Buffalo to be nearer the ailing president.
On Sept. 6, 1901, anarchist Leon Czolgosz shot President William McKinley at the Temple of Music during the Pan‑American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.